In Caesar buried model, it takes up & down stiffness the same value as transversal stiffness, but it's really different, particularly up stiffness depends on depth of earth and normally is much smaller than transversal stiffness, is the way used by Caesar too conservative or not?

How can we take consideration of earth weight above the pipe buried in order to get vertical loads on sleepers or foundation under pipes since earth weight is not included in the calculation of buried pipes.


than you