Dear Dave,
Thanks for your reply.
However, need further clarity on your below quotes
Quote:
1.The problem is, the existing state of stress due to force-based loads (gravity & pressure) reduces the amount of strain you can apply before yield occurs. This is that ratcheting term. Essentially, a high sustained load will reduce the available range for safe shakedown.Why?
2.Appendix P will not appear in B31.3 - 2014.Why?
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