Hi !!!

For Flange leackage we r using equi pressure method and if it fails in that method then we r going for the CAESAR calculation method.

CAESAR calculates Operating and Seating stresses and it compares with the allwoables.

Can anybody tell me, which formulas r used to calculate those stresses specially for seating stresses ?

Now my another dbt is, if flange is failing in seating stresses wh to do ?

My few friends suggested me following options :

1. Reduce the allowable stresses of Bolt material and chcke its seating stresses, still it is failing then
2. Make Pressure equal to zero and check flange for external forces and moments, still is failing then
3. Check it with actual design pressure, force & Make moments values zero, still it fails then
4. WRITE NOTE : " since flange leackage is in seating case it can be neglected."
Pleaze can anybdy tell me the neccessity of checking flange in seating stresses ?

and if it is failing then what assumption to be taken and wht will be its base ?