Dear all,

For a linear piping system, usually,we only consider the restraints(such as equipments nozzle)loads in install temperature and design temperarue. that may be enough
because the biggest loads occur in one of this two temperatue.

but for a piping system which have many non-linear reatraints,
for a certain restraint or equipment nozzle, the biggest loads may occur in a temperature other than install temperature and design temperature.

how to consider this problem? thank you in advance.

best regards,

Normally loads for restraints are taken from the range of all the conditions piping may go thru, like test loads, occasional loads and operating loads. You may want to see where it get highest

here, i only talk about the load vary from sus->ope.in a non-linear piping system, biggest loads may not occur in sus and ope
condition,but in a certain temperature during the process of heating.