Hi All,

i am analyzing a low pressure high temp piping connected to the flat end of a vessel. if the end was a formed one i can go for WRC 107 for checking the stresses in the vessel near the vessel nozzle junction and based on that i can modify the layout and reduce the piping load if the stresses in the vessel are exceeding the allowables. is there a similar method for checking the stresses for flat heads (apart from FEM)?. the nozzle is at the centre of the flat end and ratio of vessel to pipe dia is 10.

regards