Dear All

During a FRP calculation based on ISO 14692, I noticed that reducers are not evaluated (Caesar II 2017).

The end node of the pipe gives an occurring stress and an allowable stress. The corresponding start node of the reducer gives an occurring stress but no allowable stress. Again the end node of the reducer gives occurring stress but no allowable stress. The start node of the connecting pipe gives an occurring stress and an allowable stress.

I have studied the ISO, but I can’t find a remark that reducers should not be calculated. It is also remarkable that in Caesar a SIF factor has been determined and applied to the occurring stress but does not perform an evaluation of these values.

Am I doing something wrong, or is it correct that Caesar does not evaluate reducers based on ISO 14692?

Thanks for the help!

I'm not familiar with ISO 14692, but my experience is that the small end of the reducer is the end that fails due to having much less material.

As a result, I would expect that you'd only need to check the small end, regardless of the code.

Michael, thanks for the answer.
In this case non of the ends is checked. The connecting piping is checked, but non of the reducer ends.
That's why I think this is strange and don't understand why there isn't a stress check performed.