Dear Sir,

For underground pipeline running several hundred KMs, there are obviously various change in directions including frequent elevation changes. I am aware that seismic damage to underground pipeline is caused by relative ground movements and faulting, difference in stiffnesses of adjacent soil etc. In view of this is it necessary to model complete UG pipeline system specially while carrying out seismic analysis of UG pipeline system or just near to VA. Can we expect more than one Virtual anchors in such system.
What precaution or recommendation is expected by a stress engineer in such system.

Thanks for giving the guideline.

With warm regards

NIRAJKUMAR