Dear All

As per the code B31.3 2012; The eq(17) is now explicitly ask to comply expansion stresses with addition of axial stress.
Please help me to understand the following
1)What brings B31 Code people so long to add this now?
2)In output report, Indicated Bending moment is the value after intensification(i.e. BM=SIF*Induced BM) but not axial stress though it is considered in final code stress. Is there any special reason to do this?
3)As Sus SIF multiplier becomes absolute now; how could we avoid the over-conservatism of using SIF values?
4)Why the SSI is considered only for the tees and not for the bends as bend is also the weaker part piping system?

Thanks in advance

Regards,
Mahesh
Stress Should be in Pipe, Not in Life

1) The Code has been around a lot longer than these fancy computer programs - a Code built for slide rules. B31.3 had a paragraph that suggested including that axial force in the EXP calcs, if significant. CAESAR II used to have an ON/OFF for this item, too.

2) Axial stress is not bending stress so I would not expect those terms to be mixed in a bending stress number. Except for Code Stress, I consider these other stress columns to be "text book" calculations, not Code-defined calculations.

3) CAESAR II now used the SSI's in B31.3. I do not believe the current (Code) calculation overly conservative. If you apply any additional multiplier (in the configuration file) you may be overly conservative.

4) SSI's are provided for bends as well.