The reason for this factor of 4 difference is given on this website in our newsletter article of May, 1993 on the expansion joint modeler. Read this article and you will understand why the difference in the equation.
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Loren Brown
Director of Technical Support
CADWorx & Analysis Solutions
Intergraph Process, Power, & Marine
12777 Jones Road, Ste. 480, Houston, TX 77070 USA